The spectrum of electromagnetic radiation

There are two types of radiation—electromagnetic radiation and particle radiation. Examples of particle radiation are a rays, which are beams of helium nuclei, and / rays, which are beams of electrons. These are subatomic particles and can move with various velocities. Beams of electrons can be produced in different ways, as in 

Various units have been used for wavelength. The most important of these are given below and are related to the metre  

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FIGURE 19-39 Electromagnetic radiation. The spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, and the energy of photons in the visible range of the spectrum. One einstein is 6 X 1023 photons. 

Virtually all parts of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, from x rays to radio waves, have some practical application for the study of organic molecules. The use of x-ray diffraction for determination of the structures of... 

Figure 9-7 The span of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation used in spectroscopic investigations of organic compounds along with comparison of some of the various units commonly employed for wavelength and energy of the radiation on log scales...

This characteristic blackbody spectrum holds for objects other than fireplace pokers. In fact, the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation emitted by any substance depends only on its temperature and is independent of the substance itself. 

In the spectrum of electromagnetic radiations, 7 radiations are high-frequency radiations and interact with matter by three mechanisms photoelectric, Compton, and pair production. 

Crystal monochromators are also used to obtain monochromatic neutrons as well as to analyze the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation or neutron beams of unknown spectral composition. 

Figure 10-2 The spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. The top line is an energy scale, in units of kilocalories per mole (kilojoules per mole in parentheses), increasing from right to left. The next line contains the corresponding wave-numbers, V, in units of reciprocal centimeters. The types of radiation associated with the principal types of spectroscopy and the transitions induced by each type are given in the middle. A wavelength scale is at the bottom (A, in units of nanometers, 1 nm = 10 m micrometers, 1 /um = 10 m millimeters, mm and meters, m). AE (kcal mol" ) = 28,600/A (nm).

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