The European classification system

The European classification system is prescribed in EN ISO 14688-2 (2013) in conjunction with CEN EN ISO 14688-1 (2013). According to EN ISO 14688-2 (2013), soil classification is the assignment of soil into groups on the basis of certain characteristics, criteria and genesis. 

The classification principles established are applicable to natural soils as well as similar man-made material in situ and re-deposited, to be used in all engineering works (roads, ground improvements, embankments, drainage systems, foundations and dams). 

Type of soil material Criteria for classification (based on materials passing through the IS mm [3-inch] sieve) Group symbol Group name  

Coarse soils, Gravels 50% Clean gravels Cy 4 and 1 Q GW Well-graded 

Fine soils, Silts and clays Inorganic PI 7 and plots on CL Lean clay -  

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The European classification system of reaction to fire must reflect the behaviour of tested products in real fires. Test methods should be designed so that the results can be used as important part of risk assessment. 

Floor coverings are tested by the radiant panel method, which is already in use in most European countries. The test methods for determining the calorific value and to confirm the nature of noncombustible materials (currently Class A building materials in Germany) are also well established and have been modified only slightly for the European classification system. 

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