The Electroneutrality Principle - A Reprise

Let us extend our discussion of the [Fe(H20)6p cation a little further. The electronegativities of oxygen and hydrogen are 3.4 and 2.2 respectively, and the 0-H bond should thus be polarized in the sense The electroneutrality 

Consider the closely related ion [FeCHiO/e] . The only difference is in the formal oxidation state of the metal ion. If an ionic model is assumed (9.6), the charge on the metal center is +2. A purely covalent model results in the placing of a formal quadruple negative charge upon the iron center (9.7). To satisfy the electroneutrality principle, and establish a near-zero charge on the metal, each oxygen atom is 

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