The Dissolution of Gaseous Ions in Water

Classical thermodynamicists refrained from transporting electrically charged species across borders between two phases, and specifically from vacuo to an aqueous solution. The origin of this ascetic attitude is clearly the almost incredibly exact electro- 

2 K+ + SOJ2) however much Debye and Hiickel use ion activities in their theory of long-distance interactions in dielectric solvents. Niels Bjerrum172) wrote a paper about this paradox which extends very far a well-known concept such as pH is not defined, strictly speaking, without reference to the surrounding salt medium and in particular to the ambient anions. 

This observation can be interpreted in different ways. One may argue that water 

The writer4,179 analyzed the hydration energy differences derived from Eq. (31) for aqua ions, where E° is known for the process increasing the oxidation number from (z — 1) to z. It turns out that each transition group has a characteristic constant K such that 

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