The Configuration of Apiose

The Configuration of Apiose 1. Schmidt s Reduction of Authentic Apionic Add to Isovaleric Add 

Twenty-four years elapsed after the conclusion of Vongerichten s researches on apiose before the study of its structure and configuration was undertaken by Schmidt. He prepared 500 grams of purified 

Schmidt s Evidence for the Configuration of Apionic Acid and Apiose 

During the interval between Vongerichten s and Schmidt s investigations, there were discovered several empirical rules through which the configuration of the a-carbon atom of many a-hydroxycarboxylic acids may be inferred. Schmidt applied three of these generalizations, the salt-acid rule and the phenylhydrazide and amide rules, to the appropriate derivatives of apionic acid Table I shows the comparisons which he published. 

Levene s acid-salt rule indicates that the configuration of the a-carbon atom in all these acids is the same, namely, the grouping XVIII of 

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