The coaxial in-situ cell

The ESR performance of the coaxial cell was similar to that observed with the Allendoerfer cell. The insertion of the copper rod caused a reduction in the effective size of the cavity and hence the resonant frequency was observed to shift above that of the empty cylindrical cavity. With copper rods of 

The hydrodynamics of flow of solution past the electrode, which is essential to the cell design, was rigorously investigated. In the range of flow rates used (10 4to 10-1cm3s-1), the flow was laminar (Reynolds Number, Re 10) and hence, beyond a lead-in section of length 0.1 Re b, a parabolic velocity profile developed across the narrow channel. Thus, the hydrodynamics of the coaxial cell were equivalent to those of the conventional channel electrode [59]. It was predicted that the diffusion-limited current would obey the Levich equation 

Since the coaxial cell has hydrodynamics equivalent to those of the 

This section describes typical applications of the in-situ electrochemical ESR methodology. Specific examples of radical identification, determination of radical decay mechanisms, polymer-coated electrodes, and spin trapping will be included. 

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