Texture amorphous substrate

Here we examine models that try to explain how textures develop during deposition on oriented (single-crystal), textured, polycrystalline, and amorphous substrates. We select electrodeposition of nickel as a model system. 

As follows from electron diffraction, films of crystalline materials formed on amorphous substrates under normal conditions are generally polycrystalline in their structure. During further thickness growth, a columnar microstructure can often be observed and thicker film may develop a texture. 

C. Gaire, P. Snow, T.-L. Chan, W. Yuan, M. Riley, Y. Liu, S. B. Zhang, G.-C. Wang, and T.-M. Lu, Morphology and texture evolution of nanostructured Cap2 films on amorphous substrates under oblique incidence flux. Nanotechnology 21,445701 (2010). 

Extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements (EXAFS) have been performed to investigate the short-range structure of TbFe films (46). It is observed that there is an excess number of Fe—Fe and Tb—Tb pairs in the plane of the amorphous film and an excess number of Tb—Fe pairs perpendicular to film. The increase of K with the substrate temperature for samples prepared by evaporation is explained by a rearrangement of local absorbed atom configurations during the growth of the film (surface-induced texturing) (47). 

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