Temporal and length scales

Many researchers pointed out the multiscale character of catalytic processes (Krishna and Sie, 1994 Tunca et al., 2006). For example, the temporal and length scales involved in functioning heterogeneous catalysts and the reactors in which they are used span several orders of magnitude as described by Centi and Perathoner (2003). Hence, the difference in length scale between an active catalyst site and the reactor in which it is expected to operate efficiendy is approximately 10 orders of magnitude. Accordingly,... 

Based on the available open Hterature, industrial technologists have not generally reported the development of state-of-the-art reactor models that combine intrinsic reaction kinetics, transport effects, and fluid hydrodynamics across the required range of temporal and length scales. If available, they have been kept as company confidential for business reasons. However, Shin and coworkers (2007) describe a hybrid model for a multitubular reactor used in terephthaldehyde manufacture that couples a commercial CFD... 

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