Synthesis of higher oxygenates

Synthesis of Higher Oxygenates Mechanism and Active Centres... 

This process was used to synthesize a number of perovskite formulations, which were then extensively characterized for their catalytic properties such as oxygen storage capacity [49], water vapor sensitivity [50], conversion of CO and exhaust gas emissions [48], sensitivity to CO adsorption [39,40], reduction of NO by propene [51-53], reduction of NO either by CO [54] or by C3H5 [55-58], synthesis of higher alcohols [56,59], CO hydrogenation [60], oxidation of stearic acid [61], and methanol [62]. 

When applied to the synthesis of ethers the reaction is effective only with primary alcohols Elimination to form alkenes predominates with secondary and tertiary alcohols Diethyl ether is prepared on an industrial scale by heating ethanol with sulfuric acid at 140°C At higher temperatures elimination predominates and ethylene is the major product A mechanism for the formation of diethyl ether is outlined m Figure 15 3 The individual steps of this mechanism are analogous to those seen earlier Nucleophilic attack on a protonated alcohol was encountered m the reaction of primary alcohols with hydrogen halides (Section 4 12) and the nucleophilic properties of alcohols were dis cussed m the context of solvolysis reactions (Section 8 7) Both the first and the last steps are proton transfer reactions between oxygens... 

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