SW Polarography

Polarography and Voltammetry (DC, AC, SW, pulse methods for each) Amperometry Chronopotentiometry, Polarography and Voltammetry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES)... 

This summing circuit is used in polarography and voltammetry to superimpose AC, SW or pulse voltage to DC applied voltage. 

EPA. 1986e. Chromium, hexavalent (differential pulse polarography) Method 7198. Test methods for evaluating solid waste. Vol. 1 A Laboratory manual physical/chemical methods 3rd ed. SW-846. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. 

When the new techniques such as ac, sw and pulse polarography were been developed, the polarographic detector in its conventional form appears to come back to everyday practice. These techniques allow measurements in which the capacity current is significantly depressed. 

DP differential pulse, SW square wave, AdCSP adsorptive cathodic stripping polarography, CSP cathodic stripping polarography, ASP anodic stripping polarography... 

Several other techniques related to polarography have been developed over the years, mainly to increase the sensitivity, but also to reduce the time of measurement and the amount of mercury used. The most common among them are differential-pulse (DP) and square-wave polarography (SW). These methods of employing the SDME for analytical applications have been widely treated in the literature and will not be discussed here. 

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