Surface wide scan spectra

The extent of sulfonation of 8% crosslinked styrene divinylbenzene co-polymer beads (Biorad Bio Bead SX 8) was investigated by comparing the surface composition after sulfonation of the beads using chlorosulfonic acid, sulfuric acid and fuming sulfuric (54). Each reagent was refluxed in methylene chloride for a similar period of time. A wide-scan spectrum indicates the presence of sulfur 2p and 2s electrons, indicative of sulfonation. The surface sulfur content was fairly similar in the surface region analyzed by XPS. The composition determined from beads sulfonated by the three methods is indicated in Table VI. 

Figure 4 shows a typical wide-scan spectrum of as-synthesized ZnO microtubes. The photoeiectron peaks of the main elements, Zn and O, are obtained. No other impurities are detectable in the XPS spectrum. From the statistical results of XPS, the atom ratio of zinc to oxygen is about 2.67 for ZnO microtubes, which shows that ZnO microtubes are zinc-rich, that is to say, there ate many oxygen vacancies localizing in the surface of ZnO microtubes. 

Polyester film surface detailed ESC A spectrum, 181/ kinetics of surface grafting, 182 wide-scan ESC A spectra, 179/ Polyethylene... 

The direct determination of the polymer content adsorbed onto the solid surface avoids the systematic measuring error arising from particle-initiated PVFA-co-PVAm flocculation which can be important by the determination of the PVFA-co-PVAm amount in the supernatant solution after the adsorption [23], Figure 1 shows a wide-scan XPS spectrum of PVFA-co-PVAm (degree of hydrolysis > 90%, pH = 8) adsorbed onto copper. 

Fig. 56. Wide scan ARPES spectra of UPt3(001) at Av=110eV and 7 =20K. The fresh cleave (t = 0) indicates a strong peak at -0.5 eV which is nearly of negligible intensity at t = 3h. This is strongly suggestive of a surface-related feature. An LDA calculated spectrum (Albers et al.) is superimposed for comparison and shows a valley in the -0.5 eV region, while the two features near both of 5f character, are rqxoduced by LDA.

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