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Surface stability, ultra-high vacuum

The presence of solution or solvent can appreciably perturb the chemistry of surface-catalyzed reactions compared to their ultra-high vacuum or vapor-phase counterparts. Polar solvents, such as water, are able to stabilize charged intermediate and transition-state species at the surface that are unstable (or less stable) as gas-phase adsorbates, thus altering both the thermodynamics (i.e., reaction energy) and kineties (i.e., activation barrier) for specific reaction steps. This can influence the activity, as well as the selectivity of the overall catalytic system, and thus control aqueous-phase electrocatalysis. Thiel and Madey [36] and Henderson [37] present exceptional reviews that describe in... [Pg.552]

See other pages where Surface stability, ultra-high vacuum is mentioned: [Pg.142]    [Pg.389]    [Pg.172]    [Pg.293]    [Pg.273]    [Pg.3]    [Pg.292]    [Pg.310]    [Pg.6209]    [Pg.124]    [Pg.205]    [Pg.90]    [Pg.184]    [Pg.638]    [Pg.155]   


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High surface

High vacuum

Stabilizers surface

Surface stability

Surfaces ultra-high vacuum

Ultra-high

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