Super string theory

The observation of atomic spectra stimulated physicists in the early 19th century to develop the theory of quantum mechanics. This theory sets out to explain all physical phenomena at an atomic scale and atomic spectroscopy is an important validation. Quantum mechanics is flawed, however, notably in the description of gravity, but it is the best theory at present (although super string theory promises well) for the description of the structure of nuclei, atoms and molecules. 

Super string theory The theory of cosmology that attempts to unite gravity and the other forces of nature. 

One prediction of GUTs is the occurrence of proton decay. Some also predict that the neutrino has nonzero mass. There is no evidence for proton decay at present, although there is some evidence that neutrinos have very small nonzero masses. See also super-string THEORY. 

In the first chapter, the initial description of individual particles could be replaced by a number of String Theories, where particles are envisaged as tiny vibrating strings with each string tied down to a membrane and every sub-particle is associated with a much heavier particle, termed a Smarticle, possessing super symmetry. 

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