Sulfur Brown

In dyehouses where sulfide effluent is a problem, sulfur dyes of good chlorine fastness that dye satisfactorily from a dithionite—caustic alkaU bath offer an advantage. Included in this group are Cl Sulfur Black 11, Cl Sulfur Red 10 [1326-96-1] (Cl 53228), Cl Sulfur Brown 96 [1326-96-1] (Cl 53228), Cl Vat Blue 42, and Cl Vat Blue 43. The shades of these dyes can be brightened by the addition of vat dyes thus increasing the fastness of the resulting dye. 

The choice of vulcanizing agents has been much the same for the past 150 years with the exception of the use of an isocyanate cross-linker added during the last 50-60 years. Elemental sulfur (brown factice), sulfur chloride (white factice), hydrogen sulfide (light yeUow/translucent factice), isocyanate, and peroxide (very white/hard/translucent factice) comprise the main types employed for vulcanizing vegetable oils. 

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