Sulforhodamine Lissamine rhodamine

Lissamine rhodamine B sulfonyl hydrazine is a hydrazide derivative of sulforhodamine B that can spontaneously react with aldehyde- or ketone-containing molecules to form a covalent,... 

Texas Red hydrazide is a derivative of Texas Red sulfonyl chloride made by reaction with hydrazine (Invitrogen). The result is a sulfonyl hydrazine group on the No. 5 carbon position of the lower-ring structure of sulforhodamine 101. The intense Texas Red fluorophore has a QY that is inherently higher than either the tetramethylrhodamine or Lissamine rhodamine B derivatives of the basic rhodamine molecule. Texas Red s luminescence is shifted maximally into the red region of the spectrum, and its emission peak only minimally overlaps with that of fluorescein. This makes derivatives of this fluorescent probe among the best choices of labels for use in double-staining techniques. 

Lissamine rhodamine B sulfonyl hydrazine is a hydrazide derivative of sulforhodamine B that can spontaneously react with aldehyde- or ketone-containing molecules to form a covalent, hydrazone linkage (Fig. 217). It also can be used to label cytosine residues in DNA or RNA by use of the bisulfite activation procedure (Chapter 17, Section 2.1). The resulting fluorescent derivative exhibits an excitation maximum at a wavelength of 556 nm and a maximal emission wavelength of 580 nm when dissolved in methanol. In... 

Sulforhodamine B 2 ethyl groups on each nitrogen on the outer ring plus a sulfonate at positions 3 and 5 (Lissamine rhodamine B)... 

Four forms of amine-reactive rhodamine probes are commonly available. Two of them are based on the tetramethyl derivatives of the fundamental rhodamine structure, one is based on the sulforhodamine B or Lissamine derivative, and the last is the sulforhodamine 101 or Texas Red-type of derivative. All of them react under alkaline conditions with primary amines in proteins and other molecules to form stable, highly fluorescent complexes. 

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