Substitutions for Arenes and Arene Exchange Reactions

Arene displacements (Equation 5.44) and arene exchange reactions (Equation 5.45) have been loiown since Strohmeier first studied arene exchange, and Traylor has 

First order in First order in Zero order in 

A series of methods to accelerate arene exchange have been developed. Irradiation can lead to displacement of the arene ligand. In addition, oxidation of the metal by I is commonly used to release an arene after it has been modified by stoichiometric chemistry this oxidation generates labile 17-electron complexes such as Cr(CO)3(arene) I. Catalysis of arene substitution by reductive electron-transfer is also known, as in the case of CpFe(aiene).  

---