Substituent effect, electrophilic aromatic summary

A Summary of Substituent Effects in Aromatic Substitution A summary of the activating and directing effects of substituents in electrophilic aromatic substitution is shown in Table 16.2. 

Substituent effect, additivity of, 570 electrophilic aromatic substitution and, 560-563 summary of. 569 Substitution reaction, 138 Substrate (enzyme), 1041 Succinic acid, structure of, 753 Sucralose, structure of. 1006 sweetness of, 1005 Sucrose, molecular model of. 999 specific rotation of, 296 structure of, 999 sweetness of, 1005 Sugar, complex, 974 d, 980 L, 980... 

Summary of Substituent Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (18.6-18.9)... 

In Summary When considering the effect of substituents on the reactivity of the benzene nucleus, we have to analyze the contributions that occur by induction and resonance. We can group these substituents into two classes (1) electron donors, which accelerate electrophilic aromatic substitutions relative to benzene, and (2) electron acceptors, which retard them. 

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