Stueckelberg oscillation

Stueckelberg derived a similar fomiula, but assumed that the energy gap is quadratic. As a result, electronic coherence effects enter the picture, and the transition probability oscillates (known as Stueckelberg oscillations) as the particle passes through the non-adiabatic region (see [204] for details). 

Stokes theorem, geometric phase theory, eigenvector evolution, 14-17 Stueckelberg oscillations, direct molecular dynamics, trajectory surface hopping, 398-399... 

Another neutralization process, the quasiresonant neutralization qRN, is observed for target atoms with core levels that lay within 10 eV of the He Is level. The most striking example is Pb, where as a function of the He, primary beam energy oscillations in the ion yield are observed [32,33]. The effect has theoretically been understood as Stueckelberg oscillation [34]. 

The quasiclassical trajectory method disregards completely the quantum phenomenon of superposition (13,18,19) consequently, the method fails in treating the reaction features connected with the interference effects such as rainbow or Stueckelberg-type oscillations in the state-to-state differential cross sections (13,17,28). When, however, more averaged characteristics are dealt with (then the interference is quenched), the quasiclassical trajectory method turns out to be a relatively universal and powerful theoretical tool. Total cross-sections (detailed rate constants) of a large variety of microscopic systems can be obtained in a semiquantitative agreement with experiment (6). 

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