Sulfonamides structure-activity relationships

As noted above in this chapter, several thousand sulfonamides have been investigated as antibacterials (and many as aniimalarials). From these efforts, several structure-activity relationships have been proposed, as summarized hy Anand. " The aniline (AT ) amino group is very important for activity because any mcxlirication of it other than to make prodrugs results in a loss of activity. For example, all of the Af -acelylalcd metabolites of sulfonamide arc inactive. 

L. M., McCann, D. J., Molero, V., Reilly, J. E., Richett, M. E., Shih, C., Teicher, B., Wikel, J. H., White, W. T., Mader, M. M. Acyl sulfonamide anti-prolrferatives benzene substituent structure-activity relationships for a novel class of antitumor agents. J. Med. Chem. 2004,47(22), 5367-5380. 

Mengelers MJ, Hougee PE, Janssen LH, Van Miert AS. Structure-activity relationships between antibacterial activities and physicochemical properties of sulfonamides. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 1997 Aug 20(4) 276-283. 

Jantschi, L. and Bolboaca, S. (2006) Molecular descriptors family on structure-activity relationships. 5. Antimalarial activity of 2,4-diamino-6-quinazoline sulfonamide derivates. Leonardo Journal of Sciences, 8, 77-88. 

Silipo C, Vittoria A. A reanalysis of the structure-activity relationships of sulfonamide derivatives. Farmaco Ed Sci 1979 34 858-868. 

The structure-activity relationships for substitutions on the phenyl ring of the triazolo[ 1,5-a]pyridine sulfonamides (37) are similar to 13. Disubstitutions are... 

Fujita T, Hansch C. Analysis of the structure-activity relationship of the sulfonamide drugs using substituent constants. J Med Chem 1967 10 991-1000. 

The organization of this review is similar to that used in previous years with the exception that compounds having only in vitro activity are discussed with the corresponding class of closely related systemic agents, such as nitrofurans, sulfonamides and antituberculous drugs. This arrangement should allow for an insight into structure-activity relationships. 

Miller, G.H., Doukas, P.H. and Seydel, J.K. 1972. Sulfonamide structure-activity relationship in a cell-free system. Correlation of inhibition of folate synthesis with antibacterial activity and physico-chemical parameters. J. Med. Chem. 15 700-706. 

Besides the applications of the electrophilicity index mentioned in the review article [40], following recent applications and developments have been observed, including relationship between basicity and nucleophilicity [64], 3D-quantitative structure activity analysis [65], Quantitative Structure-Toxicity Relationship (QSTR) [66], redox potential [67,68], Woodward-Hoffmann rules [69], Michael-type reactions [70], Sn2 reactions [71], multiphilic descriptions [72], etc. Molecular systems include silylenes [73], heterocyclohexanones [74], pyrido-di-indoles [65], bipyridine [75], aromatic and heterocyclic sulfonamides [76], substituted nitrenes and phosphi-nidenes [77], first-row transition metal ions [67], triruthenium ring core structures [78], benzhydryl derivatives [79], multivalent superatoms [80], nitrobenzodifuroxan [70], dialkylpyridinium ions [81], dioxins [82], arsenosugars and thioarsenicals [83], dynamic properties of clusters and nanostructures [84], porphyrin compounds [85-87], and so on. 

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