Structural morphology, metallic films

To realize second-order anisotropy, the atomic environment of the transition-metal atoms must have a sufficiently low symmetry [49, 62-65]. Figure 6 illustrates that this is often, but not always, the case for surface atoms. Magnetic surface anisotropy, first analyzed by Neel [62], is important in complicated structures and morphologies such as ultrathin transition-metal films [66], multilayers [67], rough surfaces [65], small... 

The electronic structure, morphology, and chemical reactivity of metal nanoclusters have attracted considerable attention due to their extensive technological importance. Chemical reactions and their catalytic relevance have been investigated on a variety of well-characterized, supported model catalysts prepared by vapor deposition of catalytically relevant metals onto ultrathin oxide films in ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Such ultrathin film supports are usually prepared by vaporizing a parent metal onto a refractory metal substrate in an oxygen atmosphere at a high temperature. These unique model systems are particularly well suited for surface-... 

Since the interpretation of interface behaviour from such measurements is critically dependent on the morphology of the metal film, we will deal with this problem first. No electron micrographs are available, so structure must be deduced from spectroscopic data. For very thin films, the development of the Au 5d bands provides the relevant information. The... 

Multiphase composites formed of polymer substrates coated with thin metal films show special properties and are in great demand for various applications. The metal-polymer substrate interaction and the morphological structure at the interface influence the final properties of the composites of thin metal-polymer substrates. Thus, modifying the properties of the polymer substrate by wet (acid, alkali), dry (plasma), and radiation treatments (ultraviolet radiation and laser) appears as a significant step for increasing adhesion of thin film onto polymeric substrates. 

When the samples are heated, metal-containing nanotubes form as a result of dehydration. These processes are thoroughly described [5-6]. Dehydration leads to the darkening of the film After the samples have been heated, the remaining net of weaves can be seen on the photograph, that is, the structure morphology has remained. To some extent, this fact indicates that the initially... 

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