Stetter water

Scheme 9.14 Stetter reactions in water, according to Scheidt.

Standard rRNA molecular phylogeny (Woese, 1987 Barnes et al, 1996 Stetter, 1996 Pace, 1997) implies the antiquity of hyperthermophile organisms. Though there has been much dispute about the rRNA interpretation, there is some consensus that, whether or not it is the very most ancient, life around hot-water vents is certainly of great antiquity. The implication is that by mid-Archean, hyperthermophile habitats around hot vents were populated by microbial mats, and the waters around hot vents were occupied by free-swimming cells. Mesophile prephotosynthetic plankton probably existed in the open seas, and, distal to the thermophile life in the surroundings of vents, the mesophile habitats further from the hot springs were also occupied. 

Adamantyl bromide [768-90-1] M 215.1, m 117-119 , 118 , 119.5-120 . If coloured, dissolve it in CCLi, wash with H2O, treat with charcoal, dry (CaCl2), filter and evaporate to dryness. Dissolve the residue in a small volume of MeOH and cool in a C02/trichloroethylene bath and collect the crystals. Sublime it at 90-100°/water pump vacuum. [Stetter et al. Chem Ber 92 1629 7959, Schleyer Nicholas J Am Chem Soc 83 2700 7967, Beilstein 5 III 469.]... 

Bromoadamantane stirred and refluxed 5 hrs. with PCI3 and AlBrg, and the ice-cooled suspension of the intermediate in CCI4 treated cautiously with water adamantane-l-phosphonyl dichloride. Y 82%. H. Stetter and W.-D. Last, B. 102, 3364 (1969). 

A soln. of 2,2-bis(chloromethyl)acetophenone in acetonitrile added dropwise during 0.5 hr. to N-cyclohex-l-enylpyrrolidine, triethylamine, and acetonitrile, stirring continued 1 hr., the solvent removed, first at atmospheric pressure and finally in vacuo, water added to the resulting immonium salt, and stirred 12 hrs. at room temp. -> 3-benzoylbicyclo[3,3.1]nonan-9-one. Y 81%. F. e. s. H. Stetter, K. D. Ramsch, and K. Elfert, A. 1974, 1322 bicyclo[4.n.l]enones cf. W. C. Still, Synthesis 1976, 453 ring closure with 3-chlor-2-enamines cf. Synth. Meth. 31, 838. 

Its performance was evaluated in hydrogen-oxygen and hydrogen-air fuel cells at ambient temperature in 6 N KOH and 5 N H SO. In both cases it was shown that water was efficiently retained in the electrolytic solutions and did not leak into the gas fuel feed stream. It was established that gas-diffusion electrodes based on back-side metallized porous membranes (Cao and Stetter 1991 Cao et al. 1992 Chang et al. 1993) are not affected by evaporation of water because the porous electrode is directly in contact with the bulk of the electrolyte solution. The mass transfer of analyte from the... 

The intermolecular Stetter reaction of benzaldehyde and cyclopropene, catalysed by NHCs, has been modelled using DFT. " The roles of water and of bases such as DBU in affecting the free energy and controlling the diastereomeric ratio are examined. 

---