Static thermogravimetric analysis

Nitrogen adsorption was performed at -196 °C in a Micromeritics ASAP 2010 volumetric instrument. The samples were outgassed at 80 °C prior to the adsorption measurement until a 3.10 3 Torr static vacuum was reached. The surface area was calculated by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. Micropore volume and external surface area were evaluated by the alpha-S method using a standard isotherm measured on Aerosil 200 fumed silica [8]. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of samples dried at 80 °C were collected at room temperature on a Broker AXS D-8 diffractometer with Cu Ka radiation. Thermogravimetric analysis was carried out in air flow with heating rate 10 °C min"1 up to 900 °C in a Netzsch TG 209 C thermal balance. SEM micrographs were recorded on a Hitachi S4500 microscope. 

Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed with simultaneous DSC-TGA 2%0 TA instrument. The sample was heated at room temperature to 1250 8C at a rate of 5 8C/min under static atmospheric conditions. Two endothermic peaks were detected (Fig. 4). 

In thermogravimetric analysis (TG), the weight changes are determined as the sample is heated at a uniform rate. It differs from the semistatic or static method in which the sample is held at a constant temperature for a required period of time. In concrete investigations, TG is commonly used with DTA to follow the hydration reactions. The first derivative of change of mass (DTG) can also be used for identification purposes as it yields sharper peaks. TG cannot detect crystalline transitions as they do not involve weight losses. 

Static secondary ion mass spectrometric techniques Thermal conductivity Thermogravimetric analysis Tetrahydrofuran... 

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