Static inert atmosphere

Direct Conversion of Hydrogen Zeolite Y. Kerr has reported that the normal hydrogen Y can be converted directly to the ultrastable form by heating in an inert static atmosphere at 700-800°C 22) or heating in a static ammonia atmosphere at 500°C 24). At 700-800°C, chemical water is thermally labilized and is envisioned by Kerr to effect hydrolysis of the acid zeolite. At 500° C ammonia labilizes chemical water whereby hydrolysis can occur. 

Explosivity Fine dust dispersed in air in sufficient concentrations and in the presence of an ignition source, is a potential dust explosion hazard. Minimum concentration for explosion is 0.25 oz. ft The recommended fire extinguishing media is water spray, dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide. Acetaminophen is capable of generating a static electrical charge. Processes involving dumping of acetaminophen into flammable liquid, inert atmosphere in the vessels, or temperatures of flammable liquid should be maintained below its flashpoint. 

Some workers have experimented with oxidation under static conditions. According to Rezl and Janak [12], good results can be obtained by combining the static and dynamic methods. They recommend that the chemical decomposition should take place in an inert atmosphere under static conditions and that the sample should have a layer of a catalyst on it final oxidation takes place in a flow-through reactor in a layer of oxidation catalyst. 

Some solids may develop static charges, making them very difficult to handle without blowing the solid around. Antistatic weighing boats, antistatic brushes, and other procedures for weighing are available to prevent and minimize this problem. The development of static charge can be particularly prevalent inside glove boxes with dry, inert atmospheres. 

The sample environment may influence behaviour in various ways. Degradation in air will usually be more complex than in nitrogen due to additional oxidation reactions. An inert atmosphere is preferred to simplify interpretation of the basic processes induced by heat, but behaviour may differ greatly between a static and a dynamic atmosphere, since if products are not quickly removed from the degrading sample, secondary reactions may occur. The most efficient removal is under continuous evacuation. 

Mixing cellulose esters in nonpolar hydrocarbons, such as toluene or xylene, may result in static electricity buildup that can cause a flash fire or explosion. When adding cellulose esters to any flammable Hquid, an inert gas atmosphere should be maintained within the vessel (132). This risk may be reduced by the use of conductive solvents in combination with the hydrocarbon or by use of an antistatic additive. Protective clothing and devices should be provided. 

---