States military advantage assessments

These third and fourth attacks were clearly directed at the military and political power of the United States and also involved the considerable loss of life As with the attacks on the commercial enterprises, the poUtical and military impact of those strikes would have had to be considered, in addition to the lives at risk, when assessing the military advantage of attempting to shoot down the hijacked planes. These are all factors related to national defense and security. 

There is also often a requirement to assess military advantage when a state is conducting targeting while exercising a right to self-defense. In this situation the strategic impact of jus ad bellum based principles, such as proportionality, will... 

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