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Stability during boiling in free flow

If the wall temperature of the heated surface is raised above the value associated with the maximum heat flux, the wall is suddenly covered by a vapour film. Within fractions of a second the temperature of the wall sharply increases and can even reach the melting temperature of the wall. An example of this is illustrated in Figs. 4.38 and 4.39. Fig. 4.38 shows nucleate boiling of the refrigerant Rll on a [Pg.461]

4 Convective heat and mass transfer. Flows with phase change [Pg.462]

In order to prevent this phenomenon, to be avoided above all in nuclear reactors, a sufficiently large safety margin should be maintained from the maximum heat flux. Obviously not all of the states along the boiling line illustrated in Fig. 4.37 are stable, rather under certain conditions instabilities can occur. [Pg.462]

Using the notation in Fig. 4.40, the heat flux transferred from the wall is [Pg.463]

If additional internal energy is generated in the wall, from nuclear fission or [Pg.463]


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Boiling in free flow

FREE-FLOWING

Free boiling

Free stabilization

Free-flow

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