Spiramycin

Therapeutic Function Antibacterial Chemical Name Spiramycin Common Name — 

Specie Carlo Erba Theranol Byk Gulden Gruenenthal Kyowa 

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These compounds are shown in Figure 2. More recendy, >"- and 4 -0-substituted derivatives of spiramycin were synthesized which showed similar in vivo improvements in activity (325—327). Rokitamycin and miokamycin have been commercially launched in Japan (116). 

Increasingly, this opportunistic disease occurs in those with a suppressed immune system, especially those with AIDS. The only effective treatment for cryptosporidiosis in AIDS patients who do not respond readily to therapy is spiramycin (48). 

Spinacine — see Imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-Spiniferin-1, ( )-dihydro-occuiTence, 4, 705 synthesis, 4, 670 Spin-spin coupling constants pyridines, 2, 123 Spiramycin antibacterial veterinary use, I, 207 Spirans... 

The process for producing spiramycin comprises inoculating an aqueous nutrient medium with a culture of the NRR L No. 2420, allowing aerobic fermentation to take place and separating from the culture medium the spiramycin thus formed. The culture medium also contains the antibiotic substance known as Congocidin which, however, does not possess the same useful properties as spiramycin and which can be isolated in crystalline form. The separation of the two antibiotic substances is readily achieved. 

Clindamycin, a lincosamide derivative, inhibits protein biosynthesis within a unique organelle of the parasite, termed apicoplast. Its mode of action is similar to that of spiramycin. 

Fig. 5.6 Liquid chromatographic separation of spiramycin I from the impurity neospiramycin I produced by acid-hydrolysis.

Monograph 0293 (1999) Spiramycin. European Pharmacopoeia Suppl. 2001. Council of Europe, Strasbourg. 

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