Speech, redundancy

In this last lesson, you will find a list of words that are particularly powerful. They re noteworthy for their efficiency they condense complicated thoughts into single words. Use these words when you want to avoid the circumlocutions and redundancies—those bad speaking and writing habits you learned about in the previous lesson. All the words in this lesson are adjectives, the most versatile part of speech. You might want to look back at Lesson 11 to review some other powerful adjectives you ve learned. As you learn... 

Aylett, M. P. Stochastic suprasegmentals Relationships between redundancy, prosodic structure and care of articulation in spontaneous speech. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Speech and Language Processing 2000 (2000). 

The sensitivity of the human ear is biased toward the lower end of the audible frequency spectrum, around 3 kHz. At 50 Hz, the bottom end of the spectrum, and 17 kHz, at the top end, the sensitivity of the ear is down by approximately 50 dB relative to that at 3 kHz (see Fig. 12.89). Additionally, there are very few audio signals, music or speech based, that carry fundamental frequencies above 4 kHz. Taking advantage of these characteristics of the ear, the structure of audible sounds and the redundancy content of the PCM signal is the basis used by the designers of the ADPCM or predictive range of compression algorithms. 

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