Spectra glassy carbon surface

Figure 5. X-ray photoelectron survey spectrum (a) of an o-phenylenedlamlne derlvatlzed glassy carbon surface. High resolution C Is and N Is spectra of a derlvatlzed surface (b) and surface which was derlvatlzed following reduction with lilAlH to destroy surface o-qulnone functional groups (c). The spectrum were signal averaged for 90 min (a) and 20 min (b and c) and smoothed prior to display.

Figure 8. Carbon, Cls, spectra. Key a, from a polyvinyl alcohol homopolymer reference sample b, a spectrum of a modified glassy carbon surface corresponding to Fig. 7, spectrum e and c, the difference spectrum obtained by subtracting b from a, magnified 2X- (Reproduced, with permission, from Ref. 22. Copyright 1981, Pergamon Press.)...

Nitrophenyl groups covalently bonded to classy carbon and graphite surfaces have been detected and characterized by unenhanced Raman spectroscopy in combination with voltammetry and XPS [4.292]. Difference spectra from glassy carbon with and without nitrophenyl modification contained several Raman bands from the nitrophenyl group with a comparatively large signal-to-noise ratio (Fig. 4.58). Electrochemical modification of the adsorbed monolayer was observed spectrally, because this led to clear changes in the Raman spectrum. 

Fig. 4.58. Raman spectra of nitrophenyl modi- 1336 and 1586 cm" might be affected by sub-fied (A) and untreated (B) glassy carbon, the dif- traction of closely neighboring, much stronger ference between spectra A and B (C), and the re- bands of the carbon bulk. Five further marked ference spectrum of solid 4-nitrobiphenyl (D). surface bands are clearly visible in the difference The strongest surface bands at approximately spectrum C [4.292],...

The immobilization of PQQ-dependent glucose dehydrogenase onto the surface of a glassy carbon electrode [32] or a thick-film electrode [33] results in a very sensitive detector for various quinoid compounds. Also, tyrosinase-based sensors are used for monitoring a spectrum of mono-and diphenolic compounds that are of particular interest for environmental control [34]. 

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