Sonagashira cross-coupling reaction

Halodendralenes are valuable substrates for dendralene to dendralene transformations that preserve or extend the dendralene framework. They are intermediates in the synthesis of [7]- and [8]dendralene (Scheme 1.26) [23], as are their nucleophilic relatives, pinacolatoboryldendralenes, in the synthesis of substituted [4]-, [5]-, and [6] dendraienes [25, 27]. (Pseudo)halodendralenes have also been used in Stille [209] and Sonagashira cross-couplings [178, 210]. Dendralene dimers can be obtained via homocoupling of halodendralenes [211]. Dendralene frameworks can also be extended by uncatalyzed metathesis reactions on alkyne-containing dendraienes, and olefination reactions on carbonyl-containing ones [1, 211-214], each of which has been discussed. 

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