SOLUBILISATION OF CNTs

For examples of some currently commercial CNTs and functionahsed CNTs see the following paragraphs. CARBON NANOTUBES (CNTs) 

Carbon annealed nanodiscs/nanocones [7440-44-0], These are available as a black powder containing a mixture of 20% cones, 70% discs and 10% of carbon black impurities by weight. The carbon cones have a nearly perfect geometry. The five theoretically possible cones with apical angles of 19.2°, 38.9°, 60°, 84.6° and 112.9° are all present in the mixture with cone lengths of 0.3-0.8 x, maximum base diameter of l-2p. and wall thickness of 20-50 nanometers. The diameter and thickness of the discs are 0.88-3.5p. and 20-50 nanometers respectively. A product of almost 100% carbon is obtained by anneahng at 2500-2700° which increases the stractural order and reduces the concentration of impurities particularly of metals (from catalyst). They are similar to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). 

Carbon multi-walled nanotubes (MWCNTs or MWNTs) [1333-86-4]. These are produced as a black 

Carbon double-walled nanotubes (DWCNTs or DWNTs). These have been prepared by the Carbon Vapour Deposition (CVD) method with 90% carbon content and 50-80% DWCNT. They can be prepared with approximately the following dimension 5nm OD, 1.3-2.0nm ID and 50 am length and with 0.12-0.14g/ml bulk density and 600m2/g surface area. The rest (10-40%) consists of amorphous carbon and residual metal catalysts which are deliberately placed in the original carbon in order to synthesise the carbon tubes. 

Carbon single-walled nanotubes (SWCNTs or SWNTs) [308068-56-6] M 3652-3607, d 1.7-1.9g/ml. The 

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