Sol synthesis

North Eastern University (NEU) Prof. Sanjeev Mukeijee Micellar Pt nano cluster synthesis, colloidal sol synthesis of binary Pt alloys... 

At NEU, a series of electrocatalysts were synthesized based on classical colloidal sol synthesis techniques. These included platinum nickel/carbon (PtNi/C), platinum chromium/carbon (PtCr/C), and platinum cobalt/carbon (PtCo/C) together with the control Pt/C. All of the above electrocatalysts were prepared with 20% metal loading on carbon support (Vulcan XC-72, Cabot Corp). Ohmic corrected Tafel... 

Polyacrylamide (PAA) and branched copolymer dextran-graft-polyacryl-amide (D-g-PAA) in anionic form were used as polymer matrices for in situ synthesis of Ag sols. Synthesis, characterization, and alkaline hydro-... 

The polymer solutions which used for Ag sol synthesis were prepared in double-distilled deionized water. 

Aging effect of the silver colloids was studied during 3 months after sols synthesis (Figs. 16.4 and 16.5). 

BaTiOs nanopowders were synthesized from the alkoxide solution precursor by the sol-gel process [99]. The barium titanate sol synthesis route employed... 

Aggregation of Fractals. Under many conditions of silicate sol synthesis, the primary species are characterized by a mass fract ctimension D (2) that relates the polymer mass M to its radius rc as ... 

Jansen J C 1991 Synthesis of zeolites Stud. Surf. Sol. Catal. 58 77-136... 

Nadimi S, Oliver S, Kuperman A, Lough A, Ozin G A, Garces J M, Olken M M and Rudolf P 1994 Nonaqueous synthesis of large zeolite and molecular sieve crystals Stud. Surf. Sol. Catal. 84 93-100... 

Qi L, Ma J and Shen J 1996 Synthesis of oopper nanopartioles in nonionio water-in-oil mioroemulsions J. Colloid Interface Sol. 186 498... 

It has also been found that polymers possessing functional groups such as amines and pyridines are soluble in pregeUed sol solutions, especially, poly(2-vin5ipyridine) and poly(N-vinylpyrroHdinone) (PVP) (49). There, materials were made as part of a study of the synthesis of nonshrinking sol—gel-derived networks (49). 

Sol-Gel Techniques. Sol-gel powders (2,13,15,17) are produced as a suspension or sol of coUoidal particles or polymer molecules mixed with a Hquid that polymerizes to form a gel (see Colloids SoL-GELtechnology). Typically, formation of a sol is foUowed by hydrolysis, polymerization, nucleation, and growth. Drying, low temperature calciaation, and light milling are subsequently required to produce a powder. Sol-gel synthesis yields fine, reactive, pseudo-crystalline powders that can be siatered at temperatures hundreds of degrees below conventionally prepared, crystalline powders. 

The aim of the present work was optimization of synthesis of SG -polymeric cation exchanger composite films by sol-gel technology in the presence of non-ionic surfactants and their application for detenuination of Zn (II) as phenanthrolinate (Phen) complex. 

Synthesis of 9-oxo-11 CH,1 Sol-bis-(2-tetrahydropyranytoxy)-16,16-dimethyl-prosta-trans-2, trans-13-dienoicacid 4gof ethyl 9a-hydroxy-1 la,1 5a-bis-(2-tetrahydropyranyloxy )-16,16-dimethyl-prosta-trans-2,trans-13-dienoate were dissolved In 130 ml of a mixture of ethanol-water (3 1), mixed with 3.9 g of potassium hydroxide and stirred at 25°C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was acidified with aqueous solution of oxalic acid to pH 5, and diluted with 100 ml of water, extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracts were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 3,88 g of 90 -hydroxy-11a,15a-bis-(2-tetrahydropyranyloxy)-16,16-dimethyl-prosta-trans-2,trans-13-dienoic acid. 

CH3.(CH2)2.C(C02.C2H5XC0.N3) mw 198.23 N 21.20% OB to C02 -153.36% ypl oil, expl. Sol in eth and CC14. Prepn is by reacting the K salt, of the half (or mono) ethyl ester of propyl malonic acid with nitrous acid Refs 1) Beil, not found 2) T. Curtius W, Lehmann, Transformation of alkylated malonic acids into a-amino acids. III. Synthesis of cr-aminovaleric acid, propylmalonylazidic acid. . JPraktChem 125, 211-302 (1930) CA 24, 3215(1930)... 

The most important nanomaterial synthesis methods include nanolithography techniques, template-directed syntheses, vapor-phase methods, vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) methods, solution-liquid-solid (SLS) approaches, sol-gel processes, micelle, vapor deposition, solvothermal methods, and pyrolysis methods [1, 2]. For many of these procedures, the control of size and shape, the flexibility in the materials that can be synthesized, and the potential for scaling up, are the main limitations. In general, the understanding of the growth mechanism of any as-... 

---