Sodium periodate glycoconjugates

Figure 5.35 ABH reacts with aldehyde-containing compounds through its hydrazide end to form hydrazone linkages. Glycoconjugates may be labeled by this reaction after oxidation with sodium periodate to form aldehyde groups. Subsequent photoactivation with UV light causes transformation of the phenyl azide to a nitrene. The nitrene undergoes rapid ring expansion to a dehydroazepine that can couple to nucleophiles, such as amines.

Figure 9.11 This carbohydrazide-containing fluorescein derivative can be used to modify aldehyde-containing molecules. Glycoconjugates may be labeled with this reagent after treatment with sodium periodate to produce aldehydes.

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