Sodium iodide complexes, proton

Several approaches have been used to prepare transition-metal-thiolate complexes. The most common synthetic route involves the metathesis reaction of a metal halide with an alkali metal thiolate salt. For instance, [(DPPE)Pd(Ar)(S-t-Bu)] was obtained by treatment of the (DPPE) palladium aryl iodide complex with sodium fprf-butyl thiolate (Equaticm 4.106). Additionally, these compoimds have been formed by proton exchange reactions of thiols with M-C (Equation 4.107), ° M-W and M-O, bonds (Equation 4.108). Finally, the oxidative addition of RSH, or alkyl and aryl disulfides - is a useful way... 

The title compound is commonly used as a base in transition metal-catalyzed reactions. Because these reactions involve multiple elementary steps, KOAc may act as a base in many different ways, and the precise mechanism of deprotonation may not always be known. A study on the influence of base on the palladium-black-catalyzed methoxycarbonylation of aryl iodides identified potassium acetate as a suitable base. This method has been widely adopted, and both sodium and potassium acetate are commonly used (e.g., eq 29). Alternatively, the acetate base may directly remove a proton from a metal center. For example, the Heck reaction (e.g., eq 30) generates a palladium(II) complex that bears hydride and halide ligands, and generation of the catalytically active palladium(0) corr5>lex requires deprotonation with stoichiometric base (eq 31). 

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