Sodium hexadecylsulfate

Sodium hexadecylsulfate [1120-01-0] M 344.5. Recrystd from absolute EtOH or MeOH and dried in vac [Abu Hamdiyyah and Rahman J Phys Chem 91 1531 1987]. 

Reverse osmosis, like freezing, is a commonly used desalination process 178, 509). The theory and applications have been described (5/0) and reviewed for pollutants 511). The efficiency of separation (which can be as high as 99.5%) increases as the concentration of solute decreases, but decreases as the concentration factor is increased (5/2). The application of reverse osmosis to the preconcentration of inorganic solutes for analytical purposes has been neglected. Some work with organic 513) or biochemical solutes 514) has been reported. Reverse osmosis has been used to concentrate radioactive waste (5/5). The addition of surfactants (2 x 10 M sodium hexadecylsulfate) to aqueous radioactive solutions has increased the separation efficiency from 30-35% to 98% for radioactive isotopes (5/6). 

Which of the following surfactants would be expected to be most efficient at solubilizing hexadecane sodium n-nonylbenzene sulfonate, sodium hexadecylsulfate, benzyl trimethylammonium acetate, or SDS For solubilizing cholesterol ... 

FIGURE 2.16 Interfacial fluorescence intensity of water soluble anionic [TPPS, (a)] and cationic [TMPyP, (b)] porphyrins as a function of the concentration of the surface active counterions of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium hexadecylsulfate (SHS), respectively. 

Gunnar Aniansson had already earlier made important contributions to surface chemistry. In 1950 and 1951 he published two papers (G. A. and O. Lamm (1950), Nature 165 357 and G. A. (1951), I Phys Colloid Chem 55 1286) on the determination of surface excesses by a radioactive method using, for example, sodium hexadecylsulfate labelled with This work gave a direct and precise verification of Gibbs adsorption law. 

Figure 3.15 Sodium hexadecylsulfate/PVP system variation of the backward rate with the amount of polymer-bound surfactant at 35°C and PVP concentration of 0.01 wt% (0) and 0.025 wt% (+). Reproduced from Reference 222 with permission of the Royal Society of Chemistry.

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