Small-scale laboratory investigations properties

A microelectrode is an electrode with at least one dimension small enough that its properties are a fimction of size, typically with at least one dimension smaller than 50 pm [28, 29, 30, 31, 32 and 33]. If compared with electrodes employed in industrial-scale electrosynthesis or in laboratory-scale synthesis, where the characteristic dimensions can be of the order of metres and centimetres, respectively, or electrodes for voltannnetry with millimetre dimension, it is clear that the size of the electrodes can vary dramatically. This enonnous difference in size gives microelectrodes their unique properties of increased rate of mass transport, faster response and decreased reliance on the presence of a conducting medium. Over the past 15 years, microelectrodes have made a tremendous impact in electrochemistry. They have, for example, been used to improve the sensitivity of ASV in enviroiunental analysis, to investigate rapid... 

Studies with one-enzyme systems on a laboratory scale with the aim of small scale production or verification of the desired concept do not require a detailed kinetic analysis. The properties of the enzyme and of the reaction system should be investigated to choose convenient assay and reaction conditions (e. g. temperature, pH value, substrate and cosubstrate concentrations). Typically some essential enzyme data are provided by the enzyme supplier or can be taken from handbooks [41]. 

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