Sizing in paper

Internal reflection, 24 111-112 Beer s law expression for, 24 113 Internal resistance, batteries, 3 410 Internal return rate (IRR), 9 544-545 Internal sizing, in paper manufacture, 18 109-113... 

Reverse saturable absorption, 17 457 Reverse sizing, in paper manufacture, 18 111... 

Gelatin is used in foods, usually as a stabilizer or thickener. It is made into capsules for medicines, in glues and binders, in cosmetics, as sizing in paper, and in photographic emulsions. 

There are three kinds at present. One is called gum rosin, which is obtained as the residue of the distillation of turpentine oil from pine resin, which is collected from pine woods. The second is called "wood rosin", which is obtained by extraction from chips of old pine stamps using a solvent. The third is the "tall oil rosin", which is obtained from the digester waste in the manufacture of kraft pulp. Rosin is produced in large amounts in America, Russia and China. At present wood rosin is mostly produced, and the tall oil rosin will gradually increase, but the production of gum rosin is decreasing. The most popular use of rosin is as size in paper production. 

The situation of fugitivity with rosin size in paper is rarely seen and this was instantly diagnosed as due to the two factors. 

Roberts, J. C., Neutral and alkaline sizing, in Paper Chemistry, Robert, J. C. (Ed.), Blackie Academic Press, London, 1996, pp. 140-160. 

The endosperms of the seeds of Leguminosae species are frequently rich in galactomannoglycans, mucilaginous branched-chain polysaccharides which function as food reserves. The galactomannoglycans of guar [Cyamopsis telragonolobus) seeds and carob tree (Ceraionia siliqua) seeds are extracted commercially for use as textile sizes, in paper manufacture, and as food thickeners. 

Uses Scale inhibitor in hard water environments inorg. scale remover dispersant for min. slurries controls redepositlon of soil in laundry and hard surf, cleaners used for textile sizing, in paper industry... 

Uses Binder in pencii ieads thickener in batteries, rubber, cosmetics, foodstuffs, pharmaceuticais, tobacco, and textiies dispersant, emuisifierfor insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides piasticizer in ceramics surface sizing in paper industry press aid and iubricant in weiding eiectrodes Properties Gran., powd. 100% act. 

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