Electrophoresis single cell gel

Gasiorowski, K., Brocos, B. DNA repair of hydrogen peroxide-induced damage in human lymphocytes in the presence of four antimutagens. A study with alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Cellular Molecular Biology Letters, Vol.6, (2001), pp. 897-911, ISSN 1425-8153... 

In Vivo (or In Vitro) Single-Cell Gel Electrophoresis Test for... 

Sardas S, Aygun N, Gamli M, et al Use of alkaline comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis technique) to detect DNA damage in lymphocytes of operating room personnel occupationally exposed to anaesthetic gases. Mutat Res 418(2-3) 93-100, 1998... 

NT044 Tsuda, S., N. Matsusaka, S. Ueno, N. Susa, and Y. F. Sasaki. The influence of antioxidants on cigarette smoke-induced DNA single-strand breaks in mouse organs a preliminary study with the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay. Toxicol Sci 2000 54(1) 104-109. 

Martin, F.L., Cole, K.J., Orme, M.H., Grover, P.L., Phillips, D.H. Venitt, S. (1999) The DNA repair inhibitors hydroxyurea and cytosine arabinoside enhance the sensitivity of the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis ( comet ) assay in metabohcally-competent MCL-5 cells. Mutat Res., 445, 21-43... 

Lee, J.-G, Madden, M.C., Reed, W., Adler, K. Devlin, R. (1996) The use of the single cell gel electrophoresis assay in detecting DNA single strand breaks in lung cells in vitro. Toxicol, appl. Pharmacol., 141, 195-204... 

Yendle, J.E., Tinwell, H., Elliott, B.M. Ashby, J. (1997) The genetic toxicity of time importance of DNA-unwinding time to the outcome of single-cell gel electrophoresis assays. Mutat. Res., 375, 125-136... 

Sauvaigo S, Serres C, Signorini N, Emonet N, Richard M-J, Cadet J (1998) Use of the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay for the immonofluorescent detection of specific DNA damage. Anal Bio-chem 259 1-7... 

Ralph S, Petras M. 1998. Caged amphibian tadpoles and in situ genotoxicity monitoring of aquatic environments with the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay. Mutat Res 413 235-250. 

This test, called the Comet Assay or single-cell gel-electrophoresis assay, allows the degree of DNA damage to be determined within a nucleic cell population. The principle of the method is based on the microelectrophoresis of nuclei of isolated cells, under basic conditions, on agarose gel (the whole being observed under a fluorescence microscope). 

Modifications of the standard battery may be necessary for some classes, e.g., antibiotics which are toxic to bacteria or e.g., for compounds like topoisomerase inhibitors which interfere with the mammalian cell replication system. A selection of additional assays is being proposed, further modifications may be acceptable via discussion in the ICH Maintenance Process. Alternative strategies may consider assays like the in vivo Comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis measuring DNA strand breaks) or gene mutation tests with transgenic animals or in vivo DNA adduct studies. 

UHL M, HELMA c and KNASMULLER s (2000) Evaluation of the single cell gel electrophoresis assay with human hepatoma (Hep G2) cells, Mutat Res 468, 213-225. 

Measurement of Drug-Induced DNA Interstrand Crosslinking Using the Single-Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet) Assay... 

Strand breaks can be measured by two methods, the alkaline unwinding technique and the single-cell gel electrophoresis or comet assay. 

Gichner, T. and Plewa, M.J. (1998) Induction of somatic DNA damage as measured by single cell gel electrophoresis and point mutation in leaves of tobacco plants. Mutation Research -Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 401, 143-152. 

Verschaeve, L. and Gilles, J. (1995) Single-cell gel-electrophoresis assay in the earthworm for the detection of genotoxic compounds in soils. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 54, 112-119. 

Poulsen HE, Loft S (1998) Interpretation of oxidative DNA modification Relation between tissue levels, excretion of urinary repair products and single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). In Aruoma 01, Halliwell B (eds) DNA free radicals Techniques, mechanisms and applications. OICA International, London, pp 261-70 Poulsen HE, Loft S, Weimann A (2000) Urinary measurement of 8-oxodG (8-oxo-2 -de-oxyguanosine). In Lunec J, Griffiths HR (eds) Measuring in vivo oxidative damage a practical approach. Wiley, London, pp 69-80... 

McKelvey-Martin, V. J., Green, M. H., Schmezer, R, Pool-Zobel, B. L., De Meo, M. R, and Collins, A. (1993). The single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) A European review. Mutat Res 288, 47-63. 

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