Sieving efficiency factors affecting

Figure T.10 Some factors affecting sieve tray efficiency. FRI data, total reflux, DT = 4 It, S = 24 in, hu, = 2 in, dH = 0.5 in. Both parts show a small efficiency rise with pressure. Both parts show little effect of vapor and liquid loads above about 40 percent of flood, (a) Showing efficiency reduction when fractional hole area is increased from 8 to 14 per-cent of the bubbling area (6) emphasizing little effect of vapor and liquid loads, and an efficiency increase with pressure. Af 0.14 (Both parts repeated with permission from T. Yanagi and If. Sakata, lad. Eng. Chan. Proc. Use. Dev. 21, p. 712, copyright 19S2, American Chemical Society.)...

Ultrafiltration is a pressure-driven, permeability-based membrane separation technique, mainly used for processing macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides. Ultrafiltration membranes have pore size in the 1- to 100-nm range. The main separation mechanism is size-based sieving, but other factors such as electrostatic solute-membrane and solute-solute interactions can significantly affect separation (Saksena and Zydney, 1994 van Eijndhoven et al., 1995 van Reis et al., 1997 Nystrom et al., 1998 Ghosh and Cui, 1998). Hence, the still widely held view of ultrafiltration as a purely size exclusion process is incorrect. In order to use ultrafiltration as an efficient bioseparation technique, all factors influencing solute transmission through the membrane... 

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