Shepherd formulae

A number of empirical equations have been suggested (e.g. Shepherd formulae) for certain types of cell which give cell voltage as a function of discharge depth, current, etc., once a number of constants characteristic of the cell discharge have been evaluated. 

The Verwey transition as well as the order of the phase change, is strongly dependent on the O/metal ratio. An increase in O content shifted the transition temperature from 120 to 81 K, with a variation in peak width from 2 to 11 K (Kakol, 1990). For 0 < x < 0.0117 in the formula Fe3 04 (the equivalence between this notation and the d term used in the original papers is x = 3<5), a first-order transition was observed for 0.0117 < X < 0.1053, the transition showed a second- or higher-order character (Shepherd et ai, 1986). The value x = 0.0117 corresponded to the critical value at which one out of 32 ferrous cations (one in every two unit cells) was oxidised to a ferric ion. A similar trend and composition limits have been observed for Fej- Zn O. ... 

Halmos EP, Muir JG, Barrett JS, Deng M, Shepherd SJ, Gibson PR. Diarrhoea during enteral nutrition is predicted by the poorly absorbed short-chain carbohydrate (FOD-MAP) content of the formula. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010 32(7) 925-33. 

In PV applications, an empirical model for a LAB derived from Shepherd s treatment was adopted by Facinelli to indicate SOH [21]. The model includes the charge efficiency (a key issue in PV) and temperature effects on battery performance. Experiments were conducted on a single cell of a C D QP 75-5 battery, which has a nominal capacity of 161 Ah at a 10-h discharge rate. The equation relating m to / and r is a rearrangement of the four-parameter empirical formula of Shepherd [17] ... 

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