Scaffolds dynamic

F. -Y. Dupradeau, and J. Kovensky, Multi-mannosides based on a carbohydrate scaffold Synthesis, force field development, molecular dynamics studies, and binding affinities for lectin Con A, J. Org. Chem., 72 (2007) 9032-9045. 

The concept of dynamic silver clusters capable to transfer between molecules was also pointed out recently by Ras et al. for silver clusters prepared by photoactivation using PM A A as scaffold [20], Every specific initial ratio of silver ions to methacrylate unit, Ag+ MAA, results in distinct spectral bands (Fig. 12a, b). Thus, an initial ratio 0.5 1 gives an absorption band at 503 nm, whereas a ratio 3 1 gives a band at 530 nm. The shuttle effect was proven when for a given silver cluster solution with ratio 3 1 and absorption at 530 nm, a blue shift was achieved by the addition of pure PMAA. For instance if the added amount of polymer decreases the ratio Ag+ MAA from 3 1 to 0.5 1, the new optical band will match exactly with the band corresponding to a solution with initial ratio 0.5 1, that is 503 nm (Fig. 12c). The explanation given for this blue shift was the redistribution of the existent silver clusters in PMAA chains over the newly available PMAA chains, in other words that the clusters shuttle from partly clusters-filled chains to empty ones. 

Figure 27. Human osteoblast-like MG 63 cells in cultures on porous (A) or fibrous (B) poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) scaffolds. A A summarizing picture of horizontal optical sections. The depth of cell ingrowth into the pores (average pore diameter of 400-600 mm) is indicated by spectral colors (blue 0-60 mm, green 80-160 mm, yellow 180-220 mm, orange 240-300 mm, red 320-400 mm, violet 420-480 mm). Day 14 after seeding, cells stained with propidium iodide. B cells grown for 4 days in static culture followed by 2 days in dynamic perfusion cell culture system. Cell membrane stained with Texas Red C2-maleimide and the nuclei counterstained with Hoechst 33342. Leica TCS SP2 confocal microscope, objective 5x (A) or lOx (B) [37].

Nielsen, M. C. Ulven, T. Selective extraction of G-quadruplex ligands from a rationally designed scaffold-based dynamic combinatorial library. Chem. Ear. J. 2008,14, 9487-9490. 

It represents the cell s mechanical scaffolding, which gives it its typical shape and connects membranes and organelles to each other. This scaffolding has dynamic properties it is constantly being synthesized and broken down to meet the cell s requirements and changing conditions. 

Yokoi H, Kinoshita T, Zhang S. Dynamic reassembly of peptide RADA16 nanofiber scaffold. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005 102 8414-8419. 

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