Safe Normal Operation of Reactions Under Reflux

1 Safe Normal Operation of Reactions Under Reflux 

In assessing normal operating conditions, two points have especially to be investigated  

Has the volume increase due to the heat expansion of the liquid, which accompanies the temperature increase from the initial temperature, usually room temperature, to the boiling point, as well as the liquid swell caused by the bubble formation due to boiling been sufficiently accounted for in the process design Has the condensation capacity of the succeeding condenser been calculated adequately  

Especially the first-moitioned phenomenon of thermal liquid expansion is often neglected vriien reactions are performed under reflux. But it is responsible for a signifi- 

The safety technical recommendation has to account for the thermal expansion as well as all the other effects mentioned and therefore reads  

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