Rubbing machine

Figure 6-4. Electrical capacitance as a function of load in a crossed-cylinders rubbing machine. Speeds in cm/s. Data by Archard and Kirk [6J.

To describe the rubbing strength quantitatively, a definition of rubbing strength is required. The structure of a rubbing machine is shown as Fig. 2.20. It consists of a rotating drum covered by a cloth whose surface is made of short fibres, and... 

Pig. 2.20 Structural sketch of a rubbing machine. A rubbing machine consists of a roller covered by rubbing cloth, and a platform to hold the substrate. The roller or the substrate stage moves at a constant speed while the roller is rotating at several hundreds of rpm. The gap between the roller and the stage is adjusted to change the pile impression. 

The rubbing machine is covered with a hood, and an exhaust fan is used to prevent the diffusion of the dust from the rubbing cloth and alignment material. After the rubbing process, a cleaning process is used to wash away particles of the rubbing cloth and alignment material from the surface of the substrate. 

Figure 3.7 shows a rubbing machine that had been invented by Kobayashi et al. in 1971 and that had been used in 1986 to produce the tremendous defect-free... 

Fig. 3.7 A rubbing machine developed and constructed in 1971. It had the world s first dry wound cloth cylinder, and it was possible to adjust the intensity and the direction of rubbing...

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