Roll-mills invention

Mixing. The oldest processing operation is mixing. The first patent on an internal mixer, an annular container with a spiked rotor, was granted to T. Hancock in 1823. A more efficient, coimter rotating twin shaft internal mixer was patented by Freyburger in 1876, and its modified versions by P. Pfleiderer [1882] and B. F. Banbvuy [1916]. The two-roll mill was invented by E. M. Chaffe [1836], and manufactured by Farrel Foundry and Machine Co. 

Soon to follow the stone grinder were the roll crusher and lump breaker. While still in use today, the roll crusher is more apt to be found size reducing rocks and other aggregates in a more industrial setting. The lump breaker similarly is also commonly used in the food industry although it is still occasionally used in the pharmaceutical industry for size reducing agglomerates. The pharmaceutical industry demanded a more refined approach to repeatability led to the invention of the hammermill, oscillator, and conical screen mill. 

In 1899, W. B. Gere and I. S. Morrell invented a double roll which was not fully successful. Later Lewis MeiTell, a brother Merrell applied the principle of spraying milk into bat. dry a 1906, the Merrell-Soule Company built a powdered mills pi Arcade, New York, in which milk was evaporated in a vacua and then sprayed into hot dry air. 

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