Rim disintegration

Liquid sheet formation by an appropriate nozzle is followed by rim disintegration, aerodynamic wave disintegration, and turbulent breakup. 

A) Flat Liquid Sheets into Quiescent Air Rim-Jet Disintegration. In quiescent air (without an air flow), a liquid sheet issuing from the 2-D nozzle will converge toward the axis of the sheet to form a round j et under the action of surface tension forces. The liquid jet subsequently breaks up into droplets. 

In perforated-sheet disintegration shown in Figure 16.19b, small holes suddenly appear in the sheet as it advances into the atmosphere. They rapidly grow in size(36) until the thickening rims of adjacent holes coalesce to form threads of varying diameter. The threads finally break down into drops. 

The drops are made by a vaned wheel (the atomizer. Figure 14-11). This forms thin films of liquid that disintegrate into droplets of the concentrated inulin solution. (In the drawing the wheel is open actually the rim is closed except for slits to allow the film out.) Under suitable conditions, the vaporizing water carries inulin to the surface of the drop, where it forms a skin, and finally a hollow sphere. 

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