Resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels

Mulik Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LX.C, 2883 Miller Road, Decatur, GA 30035, USA 

Present address The Dow Chemical Company, 727 Norristown Road, P.O. Box 904, Spring House, PA 19477, USA 

Sotiriou-Leventis Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 

Aegerter et al. (eds.). Aerogels Handbook, Advances in Sol-Gel Derived Materials and Technologies, DOI 10.1007/978-l-4419-7589-8 ll, 

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Another approach consisted of the preparation of thiophene-modified resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels prepared using a two stage sequence (Scheme 5.1)... 

Schaefer, D.W., Pekala, R., and Beaucage, G., Origin of porosity in resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 186,159-167,1995. 

Mulik S, Sotiriou-Ireventis C, Ireventis N (2(X)8) Macroporous Electrically Conducting Carbon Networks by I yrolysis of Isocyanate-Cross-Linked Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Aerogels Chem Mater 20 6985-6997... 

Leventis N, Chandrasekaran N, Sadekar A, Sotiriou-Leventis C, Lu H (2(X)9) One-Pot Synthesis of Interpenetrating Inorganic/Organic Networks of CuO/Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Aerogels Nanostmctured Energetic Materials J AmerChem Soc 131 4576-4577... 

Mulik S, Sotiriou-Leventis C, Leventis N (2007) Time-Efficient Acid-Catalyzed Synthesis of Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Aerogels. Chem Mater 19 6138-6144. 

Mulik S, Sotiriou-Leventis C, Leventis N (2008) Macroporous Electrically Conducting Carbon Networks by Pyrolysis of Isocyanate-Cross-Linked Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Aerogels. Chem Mater 20 6985-6997. Tanaka S, Katayama Y, Tate M, Hillhouse H, Miyake Y (2007) Fabrication of continuous mesoporous carbon films with face-centered orthorhombic symmetry through a soft templating pathway. J Mater Chem 17 3639-3645. 

Rettelbach T, Ebert H, Caps R, Fricke J, Alviso C, Pekala R (1996) Thermal conductivity of resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels. Therm Cond 23 407-418. 

Schaefer D W, Pekala R, Beaucage G (1995) Origin of Porosity in Resorcinol Formaldehyde Aerogels. Journal of Non-CrystaUine Solids 186 159-167... 

Tamon H, Ishizaka E (1998) SAXS study on gelation process in preparation of resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogel. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 206 577-582... 

Figure 23.6 shows the experimentally determined thermal conductivity of an organic resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogel over a wide argon pressure range [17]. At ambient... 

Figure 23.6. Total thermal conductivity of a resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogel (density = 330 kg m , porosity = 0.78, average pore size 0.6 pm) as a function of argon gas pressure at 21°C. The solid line is the calculated thermal conductivity according to (23.10) without taking a coupling effect into account.

Figure 23.11. Three different types of resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogel tiles. The different colors indicate...

Figure 23.12. Effective total thermal conductivity of resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels with different R/C ratios as a function of aerogel density at room temperature [24, 37].

Figure 23.19. Cylinders of functionally graded resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogel (1), disc shaped slides cut from these cylinders perpendicular to the cylinder axis (2) (the change in color is a macroscopic indication of the structural gradient), slides parallel to the cylinder axis (3) and the corresponding pyrolized carbon aerogel (4).

Pekala RW, Kong FM (1992) Resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels and their carbonised derivatives, Polym Prepr 30 221-223... 

Pekala RW (1989) Low density, resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels. US Patent 4873218 assigned to The United States Department of Energy. 

Liang CH, Sha GY, Guo SC (2000) Resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels prepared by supercritical acetone drying. J Non-Cryst Solids 271 167-170. 

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