Reserve-Type Thermal Batteries

In Section 4.5.3, reserve-type thermal batteries were mentioned that are activated after an instantly melting solid-state salt electrolyte. In this section more details about these batteries are described. 

Anodes are manufactured from calcium or magnesium. The anodic process consists of the transfer of the metal ions from the crystal lattice to the melt. 

Oxides of heavy metals, chromates, and other oxidants are used as materials for the cathodes. Typically, the cathode mix contains 85% of calcium chromate and 15% electrolyte forming a mixture whose composition is close to eutectic. In such batteries, the cathode s current collector is just the battery cover. 

Ivins RO, Gray EC, Walsh WJ, Chilenskas AA. Design and performance of Li-Al/FeS batteries. Proceedings of 27th Power Sources Symposium-, 1976. p 8. 

Martino FJ, Kaun TD, Shimotake H, Gay EC. Advances in the development of lithium-aluminum-metalsulfide batteries for electric vehicle batteries. Proceedings of 13th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference-, 1978. p 709. 

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Thermal batteries represent another type of primary reserve battery distinguished by the feature that they are activated by heating to a high temperature by internal... 

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