Reports abbreviations

The following tables report abbreviations either found in the scientific or technical literature or recommended or proposed by the organizations listed below. Note that and are part of the recommended ASTM abbreviations and acronyms and not symbols for footnotes. 

Several poly aryl ether ketones, generically given the abbreviation PAEK, have been reported in the literature, including those shown in Table 21.5. Of these, three have been in commercial production. They are ... 

Despite its apparent simplicity, the PK pyrrole synthesis has retained its mystique since being discovered. Several investigations into the PK mechanism have been reported, including a gas phase study. Current evidence (intermediate isolation, kinetics, isotope effects) suggests the following (abbreviated) mechanism for the formation of pyrrole 13. However, the specific PK mechanism is often dependent on pH, solvent, and amine and dicarbonyl structure, especially with regard to the ringclosing step. 

Unfortunately, often the EV s efficiency and cost advantages are wiped out by the batteiy s abbreviated life expectancy. When hattei y life expectancy is around 2,(1(10 miles (reported by testers of General Motors s EV, the Impact), then the recharging and replacement hattei y costs of an EV (over 1,500 for the GM Impact) alone can exceed the total operating costs for an ICE vehicle. Energy costs per mile for the GM Impact ( 0.02 electricity plus 0.42 for batteries) were greater than the total operating costs for an ICE vehicle ( 0.42). 

Chemists report numbers of atoms, ions, and molecules in terms of a unit called a mole. A mole is the analog of the wholesaler s dozen. A dozen could be defined as the number of soda cans in a twelve pack carton supplied by a wholesaler. Even if you could not open the carton to count the number of cans inside, you could find out how many cans are in a dozen by weighing the carton and dividing the mass of the carton by the mass of one can. A similar approach is used to define a mole (abbreviated mol) ... 

For a list of acronyms and abbreviations used in this report, please refer to Appendix 1. 

Abbreviations All, allyl MP, dimelhylaminopyridine or 2,4,6-trimelhylpyridine MOM, methoxy-methyl Piv, pivaloyl Tr, trityl other abbreviations are the same. Obtained accompanied with the 3,4-0-( methyl orthoacetyl)-a-D-galactoside the 0-deacetyl derivative was also reported. Inserted as a reference reaction. A mixture of two diastereoisomers. On hydrolysis (R = F), 3,6-dideoxy-3,6-difluoro-D-glu-copyranose is formed. Methanolysis gives methyl 3-deoxy-3-fluoro-a-D-galactopyranoside. 

Table 6.11 lists, to the right of the arrows, reducing agents or disposition to electron loss or disposition to oxidation in order of increasing strength. Such a list is more popularly called the electromotive force, or emf, series. The maximum potential difference which can be measured for a given cell is called the electromotive force (abbreviated emf) and represented by the symbol Ecell. It may be recounted that the emf values reported in Table 6.11 are for those cells under specified standard conditions in which all the concentrations are 1 M and pressures are 1 atm. The emf of such a cell is said to be its standard electromotive force, and is given by the symbol E ell. 

The physical properties of the synthetic glycosyl derivatives of l-asparagine, L-serine, and L-threonine are reported in Tables I-V. Derivatives characterized otherwise, but without m.p. and optical rotation, have also been included. Whenever more than one reference is given, the physical constants are taken from the references printed in bold letters. The abbreviations used in the m.p. column are as follows foam., foaming dec., decomposing and soft., softening. 

Tucker, W.A., Eschenroeder, A.Q., and Magil, G.C., "Air Land Water Analysis System (ALWAS) A Multimedia Model for Assessing the Effect of Airborne Toxic Substances on Surface Water Quality," Arthur D, Little, Inc. report to EPA, Contract G8-03-2898, 1981 (in preparation soon to be available from NTIS or from W.A. Tucker in abbreviated form as "The Air, Land, Water Analysis System (ALWAS) ... 

Luo, S. Andersen, D. Mohr, A. J. Abbreviated Test Report (Part II) for the Chem-ical/Biological Mass Spectrometer (CBMS) Block II Chemical Test. DPG Document No. WDTC-TR-03-081, West Desert Test Center, US Army Dugway Proving Ground, Dugway, UT, 2003. 

Woolery, D. O. Thornton, K. Lian, N. D. Hunter, S. A. Abbreviated Test Report for the Chemical Performance Retest of the Chemical Biological Mass... 

One of the most widely studied initiators is commercially available yttrium iso-propoxide, (291), which exists as an oxo-alkoxide cluster of the formula Yf/is 0)(//2 0 Pr)4(/r3-01Pr)4(01Pr)5, usually abbreviated to Yfm 0)(0 Pr) 3.873 The ROP of rac-LA using several Lndiis 0)(0 Pr)13 complexes (Ln = La, Sm, Y and Yb) has been reported 874 in all cases polymerization occurs at room temperature with rates La Sm>Y Yb. The polymerizations... 

Figure 6.14 Schematic representation of the scoring system the example illustrated uses the Reference Center set of HER2/Chl7 ratios obtained for the SK-BR3 cell line at Run 4. In this case the lowest ratio obtained by a Reference Center was 3.19, and the highest was 4.10 participants submitting ratios within this range were judged to have achieved an appropriate result (score = 3). The lower cutoff for acceptable ratios (score = 2) was calculated as 3.19 minus 10% of 3.19, that is 2.87 and the upper cutoff was calculated as 4.10 plus 10% of 4.10, that is 4.51. Participants who submitted ratios outside these 10% cutoffs were judged to have achieved an inappropriate result and received a score of 1. Except in the case of the MDA-MB-453 cell line, misdiagnosis (amplified reported as nonamplified, and vice versa) resulted in a score of 0. Superscript notation and abbreviation used in figure Does not apply to results obtained for MDA-MB-453 cell line RC, Reference Center. See color insert.

Cyclic ADC compounds are similarly prepared by oxidation of the corresponding cyclic hydrazine derivatives. The most commonly encountered compounds are the 3//-l,2,4-triazole-3,5(4//)-diones (5), and in particular the 4-phenyl derivative (5, R = Ph), usually abbreviated as PTAD. Similarly, the abbreviation MTAD is used for the 4-methyl derivative. First prepared by Thiele,18 PTAD remained unused in organic synthesis until Cookson reported its powerful dienophilic properties some 70 years later.19 PTAD is an isolable, red, crystalline compound, prepared by r-butyl hypochlorite oxidation of 4-phenylurazole.20 Other oxidants which have been successfully... 

A wide variety of solubilities (in units of g/m3 or the equivalent mg/L) have been reported. Experimental data have the method of determination indicated. In other compilations of data the reported value has merely been quoted from another secondary source. In some cases the value has been calculated. The abbreviations are generally self-explanatory and usually include two entries, the method of equilibration followed by the method of determination. From these values a single value is selected for inclusion in the summary data table. Vapor pressures and octanol-water partition coefficients are selected similarly. 

Table 6.1 Abbreviations BAN, BANYULS bHLH, basic helix-loop-helix CHS, chalcone synthase CHI, chalcone isomerase DFR, dihydroflavonol reductase F3H, flavonol 3-hydroxylase F3 H, flavonoid 3 -hydroxylase FLS, flavonol synthase icx, increased chalcone synthase expression LDOX, leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase LCR, leucoanthocyanidin reductase MATE, multidrug and toxic compound extrusion NR, not yet reported tt, transparent testa ttg, transparent testa glabrous the WD40 and WRKY transcription factors are named for conserved amino acid sequences within these proteins. PC = personal communication.

---