Reducing agent strengths

Example Given the reducing agent strength Ee > Cu > Ag you can predict that Fe will react with metals ions of both Cu and Ag Cu will only react with the metal ions of Ag Ag will not react with the metals ions of either Fe or Cu. 

Just as most acid-base reactions in solution reach a state of equilibrium, so most aqueous redox reactions reach equilibrium. Just as the favored side of an acid-base equilibrium can be predicted from acid-base strength, so the favored side of a redox equilibrium can be predicted from oxidizing agent-reducing agent strength. 

Water-Reducing Agents and Superplasticizers. Common admixtures that improve fluidity of concrete mixes are often used in high strength concrete. These admixtures make possible the incorporation of siUca fume while maintaining necessary workabiUty. Three principal types of... 

Nitro-filter cloths are composed of cellulose nitrate, which is an ester of cellulose. Any chemical compound that will saponify the ester will destroy the cloth. Caustic soda or potash in strengths of 2% at 70° C or over alkali sulfides, polysulfides and sulfohydrates or mixtures of ethyl alcohol and ether, ethyl, amyl and butyl acetates, pyridine, ferrous sulfates, and other reducing agents are detrimental to the cloth. 

Use standard potentials (Table 18.1) torn compare the relative strengths of ditferent oxidizing agents different reducing agents. (Example 18.2 Problems 9-18) 9,10,16,18... 

Rank metals X, Y, and Z, in order of decreasing strength as reducing agents. 

Silicon, Phosphorus, and Sulfur Oxidizing and Reducing Agents of Intermediate Strengths... 

The standard electrode potential is a quantitative measure of the readiness of the element to lose electrons. It is therefore a measure of the strength of the element as a reducing agent in aqueous solution the more negative the potential of the element, the more powerful is its action as a reductant. 

Arrange the following metals in order of increasing strength as reducing agents for species in aqueous solution ... 

Predict and explain the trend in strengths of the Group 2 metals as reducing agents. 

Read the entire laboratory activity. Form a hypothesis about the relative strengths of these four metals as reducing agents, from strongest to weakest. Record your hypothesis on page 154. 

Do the strengths of the four metals as reducing agents support your... 

Table 6.11 lists, to the right of the arrows, reducing agents or disposition to electron loss or disposition to oxidation in order of increasing strength. Such a list is more popularly called the electromotive force, or emf, series. The maximum potential difference which can be measured for a given cell is called the electromotive force (abbreviated emf) and represented by the symbol Ecell. It may be recounted that the emf values reported in Table 6.11 are for those cells under specified standard conditions in which all the concentrations are 1 M and pressures are 1 atm. The emf of such a cell is said to be its standard electromotive force, and is given by the symbol E ell. 

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