Red fluorescent protein

Campbell and Herring (1987) isolated and partially purified a red fluorescent protein from the suborbital light organs of M. niger. The absorption spectrum of this red fluorescent protein had a peak at 612 nm, a shoulder at 555 nm, and a secondary peak at 490 nm. 

Baird, G. S., Zacharias, D. A., and Tsien, R. Y. (2000). Biochemistry, mutagenesis, and oligomerism of DsRed, a red fluorescent protein from coral. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 11984-11989. 

Campbell, A. K., and Herring, P. J. (1987). A novel red fluorescent protein from the deep sea luminous fish Malacosteus niger. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 86B 411-417. 

Red-emitting luminous fishes, 328 Aristostomias scintillans, 328-330 Malacosteus niger, 328-330 Pacbystomias, 328 red fluorescent protein, 329 Regeneration of aequorin, 113-115, 127, 160... 

He X, Bell AF, Tonge PJ (2002) Synthesis and spectroscopic studies of model red fluorescent protein chromophores. Org Lett 4 1523-1526... 

Gross LA, Baird GS, Hoffman RC, Baldridge KK, Tsien RY (2000) The structure of the chromophore within DsRed, a red fluorescent protein from coral. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 11990-11995... 

Gurskaya NG, Fradkov AF, Terskikh A, Matz MV, Labas YA, Martynov VI, Yanushevich YG, Lukyanov KA, Lukyanov SA (2001) GFP-like chromoproteins as a source of far-red fluorescent proteins. FEBS Lett 507 16-20... 

Kremers GJ, Hazelwood KL, Murphy CS, Davidson MW, Piston DW (2009) Photoconversion in orange and red fluorescent proteins. Nat Meth 6 355-360... 

Wilmann PG, Petersen J, Pettikiriarachchi A, Buckle AM, Smith SC, Olsen S, Perugini MA, Devenish RJ, Prescott M, Rossjohn J (2005) The 2.1 angstrom crystal structure of the far-red fluorescent protein HcRed Inherent conformational flexibility of the chromophore. J Mol Biol 349 223-237... 

Violot S, Carpentier P, Blanchoin L, Bourgeois D (2009) Reverse pH-dependence of chromophore protonation explains the large stokes shift of the red fluorescent protein mReima. J Am Chem Soc 131 10356-10357... 

Bonsma S, Purchase R, lezowski S, Gallus J, Konz F, Volker S (2005) Green and red fluorescent proteins Photo- and thermally induced dynamics probed by site-selective spectroscopy and hole burning. Chemphyschem 6 838-849... 

Henderson JN, Osborn MF, Koon N, Gepshtein R, Huppert D, Remington SJ (2009) Excited state proton transfer in the red fluorescent protein mKeima. J Am Chem Soc 131 13212-13213... 

Habuchi S, Cotlet M, Gensch T, Bednarz T, Haber-Pohlmeier S, Rozenski J, Dirix G, Michiels J, Vanderleyden J, Heberle J, De Schryver FC, Hofkens J (2005) Evidence for the isomerization and decarboxylation in the photoconversion of the red fluorescent protein DsRed. J Am Chem Soc 127 8977-8984... 

Petersen J, Wilmann PG, Beddoe T, Oakley AJ, Devenish RJ, Prescott M, Rossjohn J (2003) The 2.0-A crystal structure of eqFP611, a far red fluorescent protein from the sea anemone Entacmaea quadricolor. J Biol Chem 278 44626-44631... 

Pletnev S, Shcherbo D, Chudakov DM, Pletneva N, Merzlyak EM, Wlodawer A, Dauter Z, Pletnev V (2008) A crystallographic study of bright far-red fluorescent protein mKate reveals pH-induced cis-trans Isomerization of the chromophore. J Biol Chem 283 28980-28987... 

Loos DC, Habuchi S, Flors C, Hotta J, Wiedenmann J, Nienhaus GU, Hofkens J (2006) Photoconversion in the red fluorescent protein from the sea anemone Entacmaea quadricolor is cis-trans isomerization involved J Am Chem Soc 128 6270-6271... 

Shu X, Wang L, Colip L, Kallio K, Remington SJ (2009) Unique interactions between the chromophore and glutamate 16 lead to far-red emission in a red fluorescent protein. Protein Sci 18 460 166... 

Subach OM, Gundorov IS, Yoshimura M, Subach FV, Zhang JH, Gruenwald D, Souslova EA, Chudakov DM, Verkhusha VV (2008) Conversion of red fluorescent protein into a bright blue probe. Chem Biol 59 1116-1124... 

Campbell RE, Tour O, Palmer AE, Steinbach PA, Baird GS, Zacharias DA, Tsien RY (2002) A monomeric red fluorescent protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 7877-7882... 

Drobizhev M, Tillo S, Makarov NS, Hughes TE, Rebane A (2009) Color hues in red fluorescent proteins are due to internal quadratic stark effect. J Phys Chem B 113 12860-12864... 

Shaner NC, Campbell RE, Steinbach PA, Giepmans BN, Palmer AE, Tsien RY (2004) Improved monomeric red, orange and yellow fluorescent proteins derived from Discosoma sp. red fluorescent protein. Nat Biotechnol 22 1567-1572... 

The second major breakthrough for the application of fluorescent proteins was the isolation of the red fluorescent protein (RFP) drFP583 or DsRed from the Anthozoa and Discosoma sp., a mushroom-shaped anemone found in the warm waters of the Indo-Pacific ocean [13], The breakthrough was not only the discovery of the first true RFP, but equally important was the fact that it was discovered in a nonbioluminescent species and that the gene was cloned immediately. 

TurboFP was also used as a basis for far-red fluorescent proteins (fRFPs). Residues surrounding the chromophore were mutagenized to create a library, which was subsequently subjected to random mutagenesis. A bright far-red variant with excitation and emission maxima at 588 and 635 nm, respectively was isolated and named Katushka [79]. This fast-maturing protein has an... 

Mizuno, FL, Sawano, A., Eli, P., Llama, H. and Miyawaki, A. (2001). Red fluorescent protein from Discosoma as a fusion tag and a partner for fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Biochemistry 40, 2502-10. 

Verkhusha, V. V. and Sorkin, A. (2005). Conversion of the monomeric red fluorescent protein into a photoactivatable probe. Chem. Biol. 12,... 

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