Reactions in chloroaluminate III and related ionic liquids

Reactions in chloroaluminate(III) salts and other related binary salts often proceed smoothly to give products. However, it should be noted that these salts are water-sensitive and must be handled under dry conditions. They react with water to give hydrated aluminium(III) ionic species and HCl. When a reactant or product contains a heteroatomic functional group, such as a ketone, a strong ketone/alumini-um(III) chloride adduct is formed. In these cases, this adduct can be difficult to separate from the ionic liquid at the end of a reaction. The isolation of the product often 

Chloroaluminate(III) salts are described in more detail in Chapter 2. The composition of a tetrachloroaluminate(III) ionic liquid is best described in this chapter by the apparent mole fraction of AICI3 X(A1C13) present. Ionic liquids with X(AlCl3) 0.5 contain an excess of CF ions over [AFCly] ions, and are 

The Scholl reaction involves an overall oxidation of the coupled aromatic rings, yet there is no obvious oxidizing agent. This poses the question of what happens to the two hydrogen atoms that are produced in this reaction. It has been suggested that oxygen (air) may act as the oxidant, but this currently lacks confirmation [18]. 

7 Stoichiometric Organic Reactions and Acid-Catalyzed Reactions in Ionic Liquids 

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons dissolve in chloroaluminate(III) ionic liquids to give brightly colored solutions (due to the protonated aromatic compound [31]). The 

Singer and co-workers have shown that benzoyl chloride reacts with ethers to give alkyl benzoates [33] in chloroaluminate(III) ionic liquids. This reaction results in 

Esterification reactions can be catalyzed by the ionic liquid 1-butylpyridinium chloride-aluminium chloride ([BP]Cl/AlCl3 (X(AlCl3) = 0.33) [34, 35], Deng and coworkers found that higher yields were obtained than in similar reactions with a sulfuric acid catalyst. 

---